Ṭêk (Lightning) Chungchang

ṬEK(LIGHTNING) BIHCHIANNA

               Tek vanga vanduaina Mizoramah pawh kan tawng ve ta zoh zoh va, a pawi khawp mai. Tek chungchanga mipui nawlpuiin kan hriat tur awm zawhna leh chhanna ang chiin han sawi zau ila.

Tek(Lightning) hi eng nge ni ?

               Bul deuh hlek atangin tan ila. Electric charge(Kawlphetha-fang) hi chi hnih a awm a- Postive charge leh negative charge. Charge hi mit lawnga hmuh mai theih a ni lova, charge nei thil(object) erawh chu harsa lo tea siam mai theih a ni thung. Entirnan, tel thih loh samah pen kan han nuai nawk nawk a, pen chuan lehkha them a lo hip thei tawh mai thin. Achhan chu kan nuai(rubbing) hnu khan kan sam khan Positive charge a lo nei tawh a, Pen khan negative charge a lo nei ta bawk a ni. He charge chihnihte hi inngaina em em mai, inhip reng mai an ni. An kal theihna tur chi kawng a awm phawt chuan a mak-a-mak chakin an inpan ruak ruak tawh mai thin. Negative leh Postivie charge inzat chiah awm chu charge nei lo thil( neutral object)a lo ni tawh thin. Kan bul vel amite hi charge nei ni hlawm ve sek chuan kan buai teh awm e!

               Tichuan Tek lamah lut ta ila. Chhumte hian engtin tin emaw electric charge hi an lo nei ve a. A tlangpuiin chhum mawng lamah hian Negative charge awm khawm deuhin a chung lamah Positive charge an awm khawm duh deuh bik thin. Chhuma charge awm chu a lo tam thawkhat tawh viau a, a bul hnaia charge chi dang a lo awm hlauh bawk chuan nasa tak maiin charge te chu an inpan ta mai thin a, chu electric discharge (rei lo te chhunga electric current kal ta vak) a lo awm ta thin a,  chu chu ‘Tek tla’  kan tih chu a lo ni ta a ni. Chhum pakhat chhungah emaw , Chhum pakhat leh chhum dang inkarah emaw, Chhum leh lei inkarah Tek hi a tla thei vek a ni.

Tek tla hian lei a thleng vek em ?

               Thleng vek lo. Mithiamte chhut danin Tek hi lei tuamtu boruak(atmosphere) chhungah hian nitin 9,000,000(maktaduai kua) vel a tla thin a. Chung zinga 25 % aia tlemin lei a thleng chauh a ni.

Anih leh Tek a tlak chuan Current chu lei lam atangin nge chhum atangin a kal ?

 A kal thei ve ve. Tek tlak laia current kal kikawi vel dan hi a chipchiar nek mai a. A awlsam thei ang bera sawi chuan chhum hnuai lam kha negative charge nei a nih chuan lei lam atangin Current a kal kan ti thei ang. Chhum hnuai lamin negative charge a lo nei ngawt dan pawh hi sawi dan tam tak a awm nghe nghe a ni.

Engatinge a En(g) vak kher, in chhung wire-a current kal pawh a eng mang si lova ?

               Hei hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni. Khatia charge kal ta vak mai khan a kalkawnga lo awm boruakte chu an su ta nawk nawk mai a, an kal chakin thahrui an lo ngah bawk nen. An thahrui ken te chu kalkawnga lo awm boruak(Oxygen, Nitrogen etc) te chuan lo lak thensakin anmahni chu thahrui(energy) ngah an lo ni ta; nimahsela, thahrui ngah takin tumah va awm reng suh, rei lo te hnuah an pe chhuak leh ta mai a, an thahrui pek chhuah chu eng(visible light energy)in an pe chhuak thung ta a ni. Chu chu Tek a tlak apianga a en vak na chhan hi a ni. Ina current kalna hrui te erawh chuan eng(visible light) anga pe chhuak lovin a lum (infrared radiation) ang zawngin an pe chhuak zawk thin.

Anih leh engatinge Ri(sound) ring tak a insiam tel kher thin ? 

               Hei pawh hi tehkhinthuin sawi hmasa leh phawt atang. Pressure cooker-a thil kan chhum hian kan la tihsat hma chuan a chhunga tuite kha an awm hle hle a, kan han chhum so hnu chuan boruakah lo changin a chhungah an leng ta lova, cooker chhipa pressure regulator pawh an rawn nek chho pawng zawrh zawrh ta mai thin a nih hi. Chutiang deuh chu a thleng a ni. Electric charge charge kalkawnga boruak awmte chu thahrui ngah tak an ni kan tih tawh kha, an thahrui neih chu eng anga an pekchhuah bakah anmahni paw’n nasa takin an chet phah a. A hlim sang zualho chu awm khawm reng theih hek lo, an lo innek  ta vak mai a ni, heng hi rei lo te tak tak chhunga thleng vek a ni. Chutia boruak innekpuar ta vak mai chuan an thenawma boruak dang awm hle hle te chu an va su ta chawrh chawrh mai a, a changin an han tawm khawm leh deuh a, a changin an han innek puar leh deuha, chutianga boruak che vel chu Ri(sound) kan tih kha a lo ni reng tawh mai.

A Eng kan hmuh hnuah engngatinge a Ri kan hriat chauh thin ?

               Ri aia Eng a kalchak zawk em vang a ni. Ri hi boruakah second khat chhungin metre 330(zathum sawmthum) vel a kal hman awrh a, Eng erawh chuan metre 300,000,000(vaibelchhetak thum) vel dawn a kal hman thung a ni.

Engtianga hlaah nge Tek a tla tih kan hriat theih ang ?

               Tek rawn tla eng zuai i hmuh chiah atang khan Chhim-tui-pui tih chu rang lutuk lovin kutzungtang thliak meuhin han sawi malh malh la, a ri I hriat chiaha vawi nga(5) I sawi hman chuan Tek tlakna hmun chu I awmna atanga metre 330 x 5 = metre 1650 = km 1.65 vel a ni dawn tihna a ni thei mai ang. CHhimtuipui ka’n thlanna chhan hi second khat chhung vela lam hman tawk a nih vang mai a ni. A eng I hmuh ruala a ri I hriat nghal chuan I dinhmun a tha lem lo, tekin a deng che tihna a ni ang.

Anih leh ‘Tek-in a deng’ kan han tih tak hi eng nge  a awmzia ?

               A awmzia chu Electric Current rei lo te chhunga tam tak lo kal thutin kal tlang nan a hmang tihna a ni ber. Micro-second(second khat hmun maktaduai-a thena hmun khat tihna) hnih khat chhung lekin current 1000 Ampere lai te  kal thei a ni. Electric current hian kal nuam a tihna ber lai a zawh thin a. Hnathawh kawr thlan alin a buak hak laia a deng  anih chuan kawrah khan current a kalna chance a sang ang. Kawrthuina lai bik kha current kal duhna chi a lo ni chuan a thuina lai a zawh zei zei thei bawk.

Anih leh Tek tlak rual hian Thir emaw, Lung chang tak emaw a rawn tel ve thin em ?

  Tel hauh lo. Electric current tam tham tak, rei lo te chhunga rawn kal ta vak mai a ni kan tih tawh kha.

Tek hian a nih leh Lung ang deuh thil sakhat a siam thei em ?

               Siam thei e. Tek avanga current sang tak lo kalin tiau vut te a pal tlanga, a kalkawnga awm tiau vut(darthlalang siamna silica tamna) te chu an sat vanga lo tuiin an daih hnuin an lo khawn ta uai thin, lung ang hmel lo puin tek denna hmunah an lo let ve bam thei, a lai current kalna a kawngrawng a, pianhmang mawina  a nei lem lo, a keh awlsam viau bawk. Chutiang chu Fulgarite an ti. Sahara thlalerahte khuan hmuh tur a awm nual a ni awm e.

Mizo ten Teklung kan tih hi le ?

               Mizo ten teklung kan tih hi arsi them(meteorite) a ni awm mang e. Ka la hmu ve lo. Tek(lightning) pangngai atanga lokal erawh a ni lo. A chan(hard) danah leh thirhipthei(magnet) nihphung a nei tia an sawi danah van lam atang lo tla kang bang a nih hmel. Tek ang tak boruak rawn kang eng thla pup pup tawpa lo awm a nih avang khan a phuah thiam deuhin  tek- lung an ti pawh a ni thei.

Tek lakah engtinnge kan inven tak ang ?

      Tek tlak hun tur leh a den tur hi sawilawk tak tak theih a ni lova. Chuvangin a tlak loh laia ngaihtuahna fim hmanga a him deuh tur lai lo thur chhuah a pawimawh awm e. Kum 1998-a Phoenix(Arizona) hmuna American Meteorological Society Conference-in Multi-Agency Recommendations for Lightning Safety an siam duh duh danin han lawrkhawm ve ila –

 Tek laka hmun him over a awm tak tak lo, mahse hmun dang aia him zawk erawh chu a awm thei. In lian leh thawl tha chu in te leh chep deuh emaw, in la sak pum loh emaw ai chuan a him zawk deuha ngaih a ni. Kan tawmhimna hmunah Tek danna (Lightning conductor) awm leh awm loh te paw’n a hril thui viau awm em. Thir lam chi(metal) in a tuam chhuah – car, bus, truck ang chi hi Tek tlak lai chuan him deuha ngaih a ni. Car kha  a deng thei lo tihna ni lovin, a lo den pawhin a chhunga awmte a khawih pawi dawn lo tihna chauh zawk a ni, a tukverh vela lo va phar chhuah zuai zuai chuan a him chuang hlek lo. Thir  lam chi-in a tuam chhuah hi Faraday cage an ti mai thin.

            Tek tlak lai chuan hmun zawl zau laia awm loh te, thing mal din bula awm loh te, lei nena insi reng chi tui  - swimming pool, tuifinariat tui, luitui khawih loh te(Filter tui lo in chu hlauh chi a ni lo), huan pal hungna thir lam chi lo zut zui zui loh te a tha. 

            In chhunga awm pawhin tek tlak lai chuan  shower-a lo inbual phawr phawr te, landline telephone lo hman te a him lova, Tv cable te pawh Tek kalkawngah an chang thei vek tawh tih hriat tur. Sil tur a tam tih vanga thleng lo sil te pawh a him chuang lo, kan tui chhe paih kha pawn lamah a luang chhuak tlat a ni. Tukverh aluminium frame emaw lo khawih te pawh thil tih chi tak a ni lo.

Tek tlak laiin Rubber slipper emaw Plastic khum a him em ?

               A him chuang lo. Negative charge nei tam chhumin lei a rawn hnaih khan  lei lamah positive charge a ko khawm a, an inhnaih tial tial phei  chuan  chhum mawng lam hnaih  apiang lei-ah positive charge an fuan khawm nasa tawh mai dawn a ni. Plastic I chhip chhuan paw’n plastic chung lamah (kan lu chungah) positive charge an lo tling khawm tun tawh ang. Engmah kan khum loh chuan kan sam velah postive charge chu negative charge ho nghakin an lo awm suau suau tawh dawn tihna ani. Hmun thenkhatah phei chuan Tekin a den hma chiaha sam ding suau khawpa postive charge inhmuhkhawmna te pawh hmuh tur  a awm nghe nghe nghe a ni. 

Engngatinge Khiang kung hi Tekin a den duh bik ?

Tek hian thing emaw, thir emaw, sap emaw, vai emaw a thliar lova, kan sawi tawh ang khan. Chung lamah Chhum negative charge nei a awm vung tawh chuan hnuai lamah Positive charge nei tam apiang kha a target tur chu a ni tawh mai. Chuvangin hmun rualrem laia thil lo lawr sang bik entirnan : Khelmuala naupang lo infiam ding lai chhip chu khelmual chhuat ai chuan chhumin a hnaih zawk, Sialsuk tlanga phaitual hnim ai chuan Kraws an phun chhipin chhum lo kal hnai a hnaih thei zawk bawk, Rio Janeiro khawpuia Isua lim pawh Tekin kumin January thla khan a den bawk kha. New York khawpuia Statue of Liberty pawh khu kum khatah tekin vawi 600 vel teh meuh a deng ziah an ti bawk.

               Tichuan, Khiang thingah chuan lut leh ta ila. Khiang thing hi lei ro ngam tak mai, a mamawh tur tawk tui la tura lei lama kaw hreuh thuk thei tak a ni tih chu tlang hriat a ni awm e. Thing leh mau ilo  dang awm vak lohnaah pawh a lo dam khawchhuak leh tlat thin mai. Hetia daihnai vela Khiang lo dam khaw chhuak bik tlat thin hian chhan a neih a rinawm – 1) Khiang hian tui a pai hnem a, khiang hlim hnuaia chawlh chu hah a dam bik( a dik nge dik lo ka hre lo, lamkhuang buk hnuaite hi dai ve deuh ania) tia upaten an lo sawi thin avangin kih a hlawh lo pawh a ni thei 2) Khiang hi a me a, a ti a lo phiar vei bawk nen tuahthing vel leh thil dangah han sawngbawl a peih awm lohva hei hi zofate zinga sikul compound leh daihnai vela a dam khawchhuah theihna chance hi a nih theih mai a rinawm. Mahni ngaihdan dan ni se he lam chu.

               Chutia midang awm mang lohnaah ngil taka lo ding zar mai chhipah chuan charge kan tih bawk kha lo inkhawl khawm lehin Chhum negative charge pai chuan a kawppui awm mi chu a zu hmuh thelh ta hauh lo mai a, a negative charge pai tih thawlna kalkawng atan chuan Khiang thing chu hman a lo ngai ta thin a nih tak ber chu. Tui a pai tam bik em vang emaw, a met vang emaw lam ni lovin.  Tui pai tam vang te chu nise Changel leh Balhhla te hi a deng pir veng vung thin ang chu maw le. Ramngaw-a a chenpui thing dang zingah chuan awm se, khiang thing Tek tana a zu thlanawm bikna tur a awm tawh lo. A bul vela amah aia sang leh langsar, charge tawm khawm theihna tur an awm loh vang mai a nih a rinawm. Khu lamah chuan Oak thing leh Elm thingte Tekin a deng duh bik an ti ve tlat. A sei ta hle mai.

Anih leh Tek tlai laia Mobile phone hman te, bengbeh behte hi a hlauhawm em ?

            Hlauhawm loh. Thenkhatin mobile phone-in signal a dawn/pekchhuah emaw chu Tekin a rawn zawh thei, an ti. Hei hi a dik lo. Signal zawh thin Tek chu ni se, zawh tur a tam lutuk. Tek chuan hmun sang filawr bik, chhum nena inhnaih kha a thlang zawk a. Phaizawlah pawh charge awm khawm duhna bik a thlang leh zel ang, a kalkawng atan kawng awlsam(thir, tui etc) a thlang zel bawk ang.

Tek danna (lightning conductor) hi ?

            Tek danna hi ‘E.. kan building pumpui a duh duhna lai dentir a, a current ken duh duhna laia vah kualtir ngawt ai chuan a denna lai tur bik  siamsak ila, a current ken kalkawng tur lo sial lawk teh ang’ tihna ang vel a ni awm e. Tek danna siam tur hian Electrician te koh mai a that ber a rinawm. Heta hriat tur pawimawh chu thuk ve deuh taka kan tek danna siam hmawr leh lam chu kan phum a tha. A chhan pawh kan phum thuk loh chuan a current ken kha kan phumna bul velah lei chunglangah khan a la tai darh thei vak tlat a ni. 

Tlangkawmna…

            Tek hi hlauhawm viau si, tihvak ngaihna awm lo  a nihna chen pawh a awm a. Fimkhur theihna ang tur chi nia tawnhriat(experience) nei tawhte sawi pawh bengkhawn a tha viau awm e. Tek tla ri kan hriata, a eng kan hmuh chuan kan him em em tawh lo tih kan hriat a tha. Tek tlak lai chuan rizai hnuaia mut lum hle hle a him ber mai thei.